Assistive Technology
What is assistive technology?
Assistive technology (AT) includes any device, software, or equipment that helps people with disabilities perform tasks that might otherwise be difficult or impossible. In the digital context, AT enables users to perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with websites, applications, and documents.
When you create accessible content, you're ensuring it works well with these technologies.
Common assistive technologies
Screen readers
Software that reads digital content aloud for users who are blind or have low vision.
- JAWS (Job Access With Speech) – Windows, widely used in enterprise and education
- NVDA (NonVisual Desktop Access) – Windows, free and open source
- VoiceOver – Built into macOS, iOS, and iPadOS
- TalkBack – Built into Android devices
- Narrator – Built into Windows
Screen magnifiers
Software that enlarges portions of the screen for users with low vision.
- ZoomText – Windows magnification with speech
- macOS Zoom – Built-in magnification on Mac
- Windows Magnifier – Built-in magnification on Windows
Alternative input devices
Hardware and software for users who cannot use a standard mouse or keyboard.
- Switch devices – Single or multiple switches for users with limited mobility
- Eye-tracking systems – Control computers using eye movement
- Voice recognition – Dragon NaturallySpeaking, Windows Speech Recognition, Voice Control (macOS)
- Head pointers and mouth sticks – Physical aids for keyboard/touchscreen use
- Adaptive keyboards – Large-key, one-handed, or on-screen keyboards
Refreshable braille displays
Hardware devices that convert on-screen text to braille, allowing deafblind users or braille readers to access digital content tactilely.
Why this matters for your work
When you create accessible content, you're not just following rules—you're ensuring real people can use your work:
- Proper headings let screen reader users navigate by section
- Alt text on images is spoken aloud by screen readers
- Keyboard accessibility ensures switch and voice control users can interact
- Color contrast helps screen magnifier users see content clearly
- Captions and transcripts benefit users who are deaf or hard of hearing
Assistive technology at Arizona
The University of Arizona provides assistive technology support through several offices:
- Disability Resource Center (DRC) – Coordinates student accommodations including AT needs. drc.arizona.edu
- Strategic Alternative Format (SAF) – Converts course materials to accessible formats. DRC: SAF
- UITS Accessibility – Provides guidance on accessible technology procurement and development. accessibility@arizona.edu
Try it yourself
The best way to understand assistive technology is to use it. Here are free options to explore:
- NVDA – Download free for Windows: nvaccess.org/download
- VoiceOver – Already on your Mac (Cmd + F5) or iPhone (Settings > Accessibility > VoiceOver)
- Narrator – Already on Windows (Windows key + Ctrl + Enter)
Spend 10 minutes navigating a website with a screen reader. It will change how you think about accessibility.